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BACKGROUND:Delayed onset muscle soreness is closely related to skeletal muscle micro-injury, but the exact mechanism of skeletal muscle micro-injury is not yet clear. OBJECTIVE:To observe the histomorphological and ultrastructure changes of skeletal muscle micro-injury models induced by eccentric exercise. METHODS: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into quiet control group, immediately after exercise group, post-exercise 24 hours group, post-exercise 48 hours group and post-exercise 72 hours group. In the latter four groups, the rats were subjected to intermittent running on the-16° slope at a speed of 16 m/min: 5 minutes movement, 2 minutes rest and totaly 120 minutes. Rats in the latter four groups were observed immediately, at 24, 48, 72 hours after exercise. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After eccentric exercise, the morphology and ultrastructure of rat’s skeletal muscle were both changed to different extents, and Desmin and Vimentin were dyed off for anti-desmin antibody staining at varying degrees. It indicates that one-time eccentric exercise can cause delayed skeletal muscle micro-injury.
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Objective To study the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on free radical metabolism of different fiber types of quadriceps in exercised rats and its mechanism. Method Increasing load exercised rat model was selected. The test rats were orally given GBE aqueous suspension (100 mg/ kg?d), and the controls with water. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) of red muscle, white muscle and whole quadriceps of exercised rats were examined before exhaustive exercise, at instant,24h and 48h after strenuous exhaustive exercise. Results Compared with the controls,MDA contents were 49.69% higher in white muscle (P
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Objective:Study of intensive endurance training and supplementation of herbal polysaccharide extracts on levels of IL-2, IL-4,IL-10 in serum of rats.Methods:120 Wistar Rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: sedentary control group(n=20), sedentary with supplementation of APS group(n=20), sedentary with supplementation of ABPS group(n=20), training group(n=20), training with supplementation of APS group(n=20) and training with supplementation of ABPS group(n=20). After 4-week and 6-week swimming, IL-2, IL-4,IL-10 in serum of rats and supernatant of PBMC were tested through ELISA.Results:After 6 weeks training, (1) In training group, the level of IL-2 in serum was lower than that in sedentary control group(P
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Objective: To investigate the effects of soy hydrolysed peptides supplementation on small intestinal morphology and nitrogen absorption in rats,and illustrate the characteristic of absorption on soy hydro? lysed peptides supplementation in small intestinal. Methods: 30 male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: Placebo group (water supplemented, Pla group); Isolated soy protein-supplemented group (Pro group); Soy hydrolysed peptides-supplemented group (Pep group). After one week meals adaptation, Metabolic test had done, small intestinal morphology, and the activity of aminopeptidase were determined. Results: (2) The content of intestinal epithelial protein in Pep group increased 48.60% than Pro group, and increased 91.37% than Pla group (P
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In order to probe into the peripheral mechanism of exercise-induced low level of serum testosterone and to explore an effective Chinese medicine compound for ameliorating this serious situation, a rat model of intensive swimming training was conducted, and the ultrastructure of testis in rats and the effects of Chinese medicine compound on this were studied with morphometry. Results showed that the volume of lipid droplets in rat testicular Leydig cells decreased after long term endurance training,which may be one of the causes of exercise-induced low level of serum testosterone; however, the administration of traditional Chinese medicine compound for invigorating qi and tonifying the kidney could improve the transportation of cholesterol and recovery of the testosterone level in serum.
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Objective: We performed a randomized double-blind study in distance runners to investigate the possible biological effects of daily consumption of soybean peptides. Methods: Twenty-one trained male distance runners, randomly divided into three groups: control group (C,n=7), carbohydrate supplementation group (CS, n=6) and soybean peptides supplementation group (SP,n=8), took part in the study.Their hormonal and serum metabolic profile was examined in a 4-week program of strenuous training. Daily training (4～6 hours per day, endurance and strength), food and medication were similar for all athletes. Group SP received a soy sports beverage supplement containing 8g soybean peptides and 35g carbohydrate once a day. Group CS received a sport drink containing 35g carbohydrate. Group C supplemented a placebo identical in appearance and flavor. Body weight, lean body mass, RPE, serum total testosterone, blood urea, hemogram, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase and immunoglobulins were measured before, during and after the 4-week training program. Results: Data demonstrated that Group SP had an increase in body weight, especially in lean body mass and cyclic total testosterone level (P
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A field study on 24 weigbt--lifters and an experiment on rats imitating kuman acute food restrictionwere done in order to find out the metabolism of water and electrolytes during the acute weight-reductionperiod and the effect of appropriate supplementation. The results showed that food restriction caused very significant loss of the water and electrolytes withsigns of muscle cramp, dehydration, ketonuria etc. The experimental results in rats were observed duringfood restriction as following: 1. Serum potham and sodium decreased and the serum chloride and magnesium increased significantly. 2. Potassium and sodium contents of cardiac muscle were significantly lower than those of the control group,but potassium content of skeletal muscles was higber. 3. Blood lactic acid (3 minutes after running on a treadmill for half an hour ) was higber than thatbefote food restriction. Supplementation of appropriate minerals is beneficial to correct the above changes and keep the athletesfit and in good form.